Liquid cooling (direct-to-chip and immersion) for high-density GPU clusters, 800 VDC power distribution architectures to reduce conversion losses and PSU failure rates, and factory-built modular pods that speed deployment are the biggest enablers.
On the energy side, hybrid sourcing with behind-the-meter generation, battery storage for peak shaving, and heat-reuse integration with district heating or industrial customers are increasingly practical economically and materially improve sustainability profiles.